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The most commonly used mesh is probably welded mesh made of approximately 5 mm thick steel wire and having 100 mm square openings. The steel wire may be galvanised or not. The alternative has been an interwoven mesh known as chain link mesh.  The disadvantage of traditional chain link mesh compared with weld mesh has been the difficulty of applying shotcrete successfully through the smaller openings available.  This difficulty has now been overcome in a high strength, light weight chain link mesh with 100 mm openings which is easy to handle and can be made to conform to uneven rock surfaces more readily than weld mesh. A feature of this mesh is the fact that the intersections of the wires making up the squares in the mesh are twisted rather than simply linked or welded. Roth et al. (2004) describe static and dynamic tests on this mesh.  Mesh of this type is being used successfully at the Neves Corvo Mine, Portugal, where it has been particularly successful in rehabilitati...

It is the differential electrical potential between the anode (+) and the cathode (-) which is key to the moist corrosion example described above. This differential is primarily generated by the difference in oxygen availability between the edge and the centre of the water droplet. Differential potentials can also be generated by the presence (and contact) of dissimilar metals immersed in an oxygenated electrolyte solution (Illston et al., 1979; Bryson, 1987).  Corrosion induced by such a coupling can be extremely aggressive and can result from the designed use of dissimilar metals (steel cables with aluminum plates or anchors) or from the presence of cablebolts in a rich sulphide ore.  Indeed, rock bolts in sulphide ore bodies have significantly reduced service lives (Hoey and Dingley, 1971; Gunasekera, 1992). Corrosion cells can also be generated on cablebolt surfaces at the point where abrupt transitions in environment occur. These include differential grout coverage, for e...

It is perhaps remarkable to find that, although rock and cable bolts have been used in underground mining and construction for several decades (if not more than 100 years in the case of rock bolts), bolt elements and bolting systems continue to evolve and improve.  The papers presented to this symposium detail advances made in fully encapsulated resin and cement grouted bolts (Mikula 2004, Mould et al. 2004, Neindorf 2004), one pass mechanized bolting (Mikula 2004, Neindorf 2004) and bulbed cables (Yumlu & Bawden 2004), for example. The developments in ground support practices that have accompanied greater productivity, larger excavations and larger equipment are especially well-illustrated in the paper by Neindorf (2004) describing the evolution of ground support practices at the Mount Isa mine over the past 30 years. In a detailed and valuable review paper, Windsor (2004) concludes that “the quality and performance of cable bolts used to stabilise temporary, non-entry, produc...

Discount car rentals are so hard to come by, and in recent times, discount car rentals simply mean you pay less for something less, and lets face it, sometimes when you pay less for a car rental, you end up with something that looks more like a farmer’s truck than a car. It’s hard to come up with a budget friendly rental, so how do you get a discount car rental these days? Well here are a few tips to boost the value of your money, car rental wise. 1.A good way to essentially, get a discount car rental is to, once you return the car, fill the tank with the cheapest no-name gas you could find, not for revenge or anything, but because car rental companies, require customers to fill the gas tank before returning it, and it you don’t they’ll fill it for you with the company pump but at a higher price, now we don’t want that, so be sure to fill your tank before you return the car. 2.To get the discount off of discount car rental, make early reservations, some car rental companies give discou...

Europe, a continent filled with so much culture and history. A lot of people actually flock to Europe year after year to visit its sights and experience its rich culture. The modern yet still quite laid-back lifestyle that Europeans have been known for has always fascinated tourists, from being true-blue sophisticates who are very much adept to fashion, literature, history, culture and the arts, this is why a lot of people have been drawn to Europe’s simple yet elegant charm time and time again. Of course, traveling around Europe will be really much of a hassle if you don’t have the proper transportation to quickly and conveniently take you from one spectacular tourist destination to another. The most probable solution to this dilemma is a car, ever ready, you’re sure to get to where you want to go at your leisure. Europe car rental however may be quite tricky to some. Let’s face it, a lot of the countries in the European continent isn’t really comprised of English-speaking people and ...

In today’s world of competitive marketing and cutthroat competition, a customer can’t really predict whether the deal he/she is closing will benefit her or not, most of the time most, consumers, just go on with the deal just to avoid all the hassle of inquiring for more economic alternatives, or discounts. This also applies to car rentals, nowadays, it’s hard to call anything a cheap car rental, with the inflation rate of products, continuing gas price increase it’s hard to keep product prices down, so here are a few tips to keep your car rentals cheap, even if every other factor is making it expensive. 1.Reserve your cheap car rental internet sites instead of over the counter ones. Internet sites, offer internet only discounts which could very beneficial for you, cheap car rentals can be achieved by being witty, put discounts like these to your advantage and you’re sure to save a lot. 2.One way to get cheap car rentals is to try to get the most out of your rental. Most car rentals req...

Budget car rentals are a traveler’s savior from being stranded in one place and from expensive taxi rides. But with today’s competitive market, I won’t be surprised that from trying to rent a car you end up renting a lawnmower instead. Well maybe not a lawnmower, but sometimes, well most of the time, the people that assist you in car rentals just doesn’t have your best interest in mind, so you end up paying a truckload of money for a pool of frustrations. To avoid this here are a few tips to get the budget, out of budget car rental. 1. If you’re not choosy with a budget car rental, try to get a budget car rental through sites that let you rent cars at your own price. These firms will try to get the best deal for the car that you’ll get and might just toss in unlimited mileage and upgrades, all of that without spending an extra dime out of budget. 2. Look for package deals, fly-drive-stay, or fly- drive, most of these packages give great discounts for rentals, but don’t do it with an ai...

When you talk about sports fitness, what comes first in your mind? It is, basically, the different sports activities, right? This is because sports fitness has always been referred to as the sports itself. Generally, sports entail physical activities that are usually carried out for some “recreational” functions such as self-satisfaction, entertainment, competition, etc. It uses physical activity that is why most fitness experts regard sports as one way of staying fit and healthy. It can also be considered as one way of physical fitness; the only difference is that sports fitness is more inclined to the development of skill or ability. However, like physical fitness, sports fitness is also capable of toning down the body fats of a person. Because of its rigid and strict health program, a sports enthusiast is able to maintain a well-balanced lifestyle in order to cope up with the strenuous demands of sports. In sports, people should learn how to value their health. Otherwise, they can n...

Here are 10 tips for women to stay fit and healthy: 1. Staying fit and healthy starts with a balanced diet. Know and monitor the right weight for your age. Consult your doctor to learn what food you should avoid and follow your eating discipline routines. If you are trying to lose some weight, foods with high calories should be omitted from your meals. Food with high fiber and low fat should be included a priority in your grocery list instead of red meat, sugars and fats. 2. Drink plenty of water. Drinking at least eight glasses of water everyday. This cleanses the body from impurities. It is also advised for lactating women to increase water intake to keep the body hydrated. 3. Take Vitamins and Supplements. Do not forget your Calcium supplement.  Sufficient Calcium intake is beneficial for women of all ages. This has been proven to prevent having cramps and Pre-Menstrual Period (PMS) Symptoms. It also prevents Osteoporosis especially for menopausal women. Vitamin E boosts stro...

1.Stop and Go If you play a sport that requires a full sprint, remember that a full sprint strains the muscles of the lower body. To combat this, do stop-and-go exercises. For example, run 30 meters at about 80 percent of your effort, slow to a jog for five to 10 meters, then run again for another 30 meters. Repeat this process five times. 2.On bended knees Almost 3 out of four ACL injury occurs when players are landing or turning. If your knees are bent instead of straight, the risk of injury is greatly reduced according to a report in the JAAOS (Journal of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons). 3.Cool down Heatstroke is not something that can be easily cured like headache. To avoid it, stay cool and hydrated. Be sure the combined temp an humidity is less than 160. This is according to Dr. Dave Janda of the IPSM. 4.Get the proper equipment Badly fitting gears or ill sized equipment can be a cause of  training injuries. The extra money spent on proper equipment goes a long w...

Have you ever felt tired and stressed out from work and by the time you get home you see your three children running towards you asking you to play basketball with them? You refused and promised them that you will after you take you rest. Instead of disappointing your children, why not say, "yes" after all? You will be surprised by the amount of energy you will have after that 30-minute activity. Did you know that by exercising at a moderate pace for only 30 minutes, you would feel a lot better, mentally? It has been proven that this improves the appetite and sharpens your style in problem solving. Not only that. You will also feel that it is easier to sleep at night if you do moderate exercises even for only 30 minutes every day. What are the benefits of regular exercise? It promotes self-discipline and has a positive impact how you perceive life. Exercise helps in lifting your spirits and getting you out of any depression. For first timers, it can be done for 15 minutes for...

So you have a blog and want to market it and make it a successful blog. How do you do this? How do you go about getting your blog out there to be seen and known by others? How do you draw readers and keep them coming back for more?  There are many ways to get your blog out there and known by others.  This can be known as challenging for some and just quite easy for others. If you have ever had a successful blog before then you know what it takes.  You are not going to get anywhere by just setting up a blog and hoping that people will find it and read it.  You are not going to gain any links, nor a higher search engine ranking by just having a blog. This is all part of blog marketing. Anyone can do it, even you. Successful blog marketing tip number one.  When you first create a blog, of course it is unheard of.  No one knows anything about the blog unless you give them the link and show it to them.  However, for a new blog that has never been seen, ther...

Blog marketing is a combination of many things all put together to make one great blog that is successful and that has many readers.  However, if you think that you have done everything possible, chances are that you have not. Or that you should do more.  When you are working on marketing a blog, you never get to a stopping point. There is always something that you can do to continue to grow and make your blog well known. What are these things you ask? Keep reading to find out. Blog marketing will keep you very busy. If you have more than one blog going that you want the highest and the best rankings for, you may have to hire some help. However make sure that you have good content.  If you do not have good content, there is no reason for your readers to come back to your blog after their first visit. Keep writing good content as well.  If it starts to go down hill, you may find that your reader status does as well and that could hurt you in the long run. Good content...

Blog marketing can be quite complicated for anyone that has never even blogged before. If you are considering getting into small business blog marketing, you will want to first have a blog and see what that is like before you get into something more.  Blogging requires dedication and patience. You have to update your blog on a regular basis in order to keep your readers happy.  Doing so will keep them coming back for more and to see what you have new to say. Small business blog marketing consists of blogging about your business.  It definitely is a great tool that you should use to get your business out there and known by others.  However, you will need to be patient because it is a long process that will require much of your attention. Just because you have a blog does not mean that someone is going to find it and read it. You are going to have to make it known.  If you have a website for your business, you can link your blog to it and that will let the ones th...

When you have acne, you have to give extra care to your skin for as you know, there are factors that changed your skin from those who have normal type.  As recommended by the experts, you have to treat your skin affected with acne with more care and more caution.  There are some helpful tips you must consider in order for you to gradually get that acne cured or if not at least, not let your condition turn even worse. These are the things you must do and embrace as habits that you may be able to achieve better skin. *The simplest way is by washing and cleaning your skin gently. There are gentle soaps that would surely wash your skin mildly. You are of course not allowed to use soaps that are that strong for they may leave harsh effects on your skin.  Toners and cleansers are not also recommended for they have active components that may worsen your skin’s condition.  When you feel the need of a toner or a cleanser, see to it that it has an approval from your dermatolog...

Is acne your problem? You do not have to consider it as a problem. There are more things to prioritize and not letting that acne bother you that much for it would not help at all.  Well, another point we have to consider is how to treat acne.  With the treatment, money matters. This means that of course, you have to have some amount of money for the treatment. Well, when what you have is not enough, you could have the most reliable home treatments. These would be saving you from having worse acne without having to spend so much.  What are these means? Are they safe? Yes, they are safe steps in treating your acne problems and they would not let you experience all those acne terrors or bad outcomes of trying to get the remedy for acne. These are worth your trial for they are really effective and you could just be at home. But, take note that these guidelines are only for mild acne problems and if you have a more complicated situation, you have to seek the help of a professi...

Every person knows the value of our face. The better it is, the more advantageous it gets. Before anything else, it is the first thing others look at whenever they see you.  In general, our confidence relies on our contentment to our physical appearance. When one thinks he or she looks good, the confidence really exudes. For growing up, the growth of pimples is really a major concern.  For those who do not have problems involving the face, congratulations! For those who are crying over it, there is a bright light at the end of the tunnel! Is acne your problem? Are you spending too much money for chemical remedy? Do you want to apply a remedy but you are afraid it may be harsh? Try the natural way of treating your acne. You do not have to go that far… The treatment is right in your home. The doctor is right within you. The most effective beauty tip of all times is: drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. Hydrating your body will help you get rid toxins. Love your body and love...